Suimanga de espalda oliva, Cinnyris jugularis-live-backed sunbird

Olive-backed sunbird

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"Yellow-bellied sunbird" redirects here. For the African species, see variable sunbird.

The olive-backed sunbird (Cinnyris jugularis), also known as the yellow-bellied sunbird, is a species of sunbird found from Southern Asia to Australia.

Common names for this bird include "tamsi" in the Philippines and "kelicap" in Malaysia.

The sunbirds are a group of very small Old World passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Their flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering, but usually perch to feed most of the time.

The olive-backed sunbird is common across southern China to the Philippines and Malaysia down to northeast Australia. They are small songbirds, at most 12 cm long. In most subspecies, the underparts of both male and female are bright yellow, the backs are a dull brown colour. The forehead, throat and upper breast of the adult male is a dark, metallic blue-black. In the Philippines the males of some subspecies have an orange band on the chest,^] in Wallacea and northern New Guinea some subspecies have most of the underparts blackish, and in southern China and adjacent parts of Vietnam most of the underparts of the male are greyish-white.

Originally from mangrove habitat, the olive-backed sunbird has adapted well to humans, and is now common even in fairly densely populated areas, even forming their nests in human dwellings

The birds mate between the months of April and August in the Northern Hemisphere, and between August and January in the Southern Hemisphere. Both the male and the female assist in building the nest which is flask-shaped, with an overhanging porch at the entrance, and a trail of hanging material at the bottom end.^]

After building the nest, the birds abandon the nest for about a week before the female returns to lay one or two greenish-blue eggs. The eggs take a further week to hatch. The female may leave the nest for short periods during the day during incubation. After the chicks have hatched, both male and female assist in the care of the young, which leave the nest about two or three weeks later.

La suimanga de espalda oliva, Cinnyris jugularis, (anteriormente emplazado en el género Nectarinia), es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Nectariniidae. Se encuentra desde el Sur de Asia hasta Australia.

Son aves paseriformes muy pequeñas que se alimentan abundantemente de néctar, aunque también atrapan insectos, especialmente cuando alimentan sus crías. El vuelo con sus alas cortas es rápido y directo.

Descripción]

Es un pequeño pájaro de 12 cm de largo como máximo. Los machos y las hembras, tienen el vientre brillante de fondo amarillo, verde oliva, mucho más discreto. En el macho, el abdomen, la frente, el cuello y parte superior es un color azul oscuro metalizado.

Distribución y hábitat

Es común desde el sur de China a las Filipinas y Malasia, al norte-este de Australia. Es un ave del manglar, que se ha adaptado bien al contacto humano y que no duda en nidificar en la ciudad.

Reproducción

Por lo general, son monógamos. La reproducción tiene lugar entre abril y agosto en un nido suspendido. La hembra pone dos huevos que incuba sola. Los machos están implicados en la alimentación de los jóvenes.

Subespecies

Según Alan P. Peterson, existen 21 subespecies :

·        Cinnyris jugularis andamanicus (Hume) 1873

·        Cinnyris jugularis aurora (Tweeddale) 1878

·        Cinnyris jugularis buruensis Hartert 1910

·        Cinnyris jugularis clementiae Lesson 1827

·        Cinnyris jugularis flammaxillaris (Blyth) 1845

·        Cinnyris jugularis flavigastra (Gould) 1843

·        Cinnyris jugularis frenatus (Muller,S) 1843

·        Cinnyris jugularis idenburgi Rand 1940

·        Cinnyris jugularis infrenatus Hartert 1903

·        Cinnyris jugularis jugularis (Linnaeus) 1766

·        Cinnyris jugularis keiensis Stresemann 1913

·        Cinnyris jugularis klossi (Richmond) 1902

·        Cinnyris jugularis obscurior Ogilvie-Grant 1894

·        Cinnyris jugularis ornatus Lesson 1827

·        Cinnyris jugularis plateni (Blasius,W) 1885

·        Cinnyris jugularis polyclystus Oberholser 1912

·        Cinnyris jugularis proselius Oberholser 1923

·        Cinnyris jugularis rhizophorae (Swinhoe) 1869

·        Cinnyris jugularis robustirostris (Mees) 1964

·        Cinnyris jugularis teysmanni Buttikofer 1893

·        Cinnyris jugularis woodi (Mearns) 1909