Olive-backed sunbird
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Yellow-bellied
sunbird" redirects here. For the African species, see variable sunbird.
The olive-backed
sunbird (Cinnyris jugularis), also known as the yellow-bellied
sunbird, is a species of sunbird found
from Southern Asia to Australia.
Common names for
this bird include "tamsi" in the Philippines and
"kelicap" in Malaysia.
The sunbirds are a
group of very small Old World passerine birds which
feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when
feeding young. Their flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most
species can take nectar by hovering, but usually perch to feed most of the
time.
The olive-backed
sunbird is common across southern China to
the Philippines and Malaysia down
to northeast Australia.
They are small songbirds, at most 12 cm long. In most subspecies,
the underparts of both male and female are bright yellow, the backs are a dull
brown colour. The forehead, throat and upper breast of the adult male is a
dark, metallic blue-black. In the Philippines the males of some subspecies have
an orange band on the chest,] in Wallacea and
northern New Guinea some
subspecies have most of the underparts blackish, and in southern China and adjacent
parts of Vietnam most
of the underparts of the male are greyish-white.
Originally
from mangrove habitat,
the olive-backed sunbird has adapted well to humans, and is now common even in
fairly densely populated areas, even forming their nests in human dwellings
The birds mate
between the months of April and August in the Northern Hemisphere, and between
August and January in the Southern Hemisphere. Both the male and the female
assist in building the nest which is flask-shaped, with an overhanging porch at
the entrance, and a trail of hanging material at the bottom end.]
After building the
nest, the birds abandon the nest for about a week before the female returns to
lay one or two greenish-blue eggs. The eggs take a further week to hatch. The
female may leave the nest for short periods during the day during incubation.
After the chicks have hatched, both male and female assist in the care of the
young, which leave the nest about two or three weeks later.
La suimanga de espalda oliva, Cinnyris
jugularis, (anteriormente emplazado en el género Nectarinia), es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Nectariniidae. Se
encuentra desde el Sur de Asia hasta Australia.
Son aves paseriformes muy pequeñas que
se alimentan abundantemente de néctar, aunque también atrapan insectos, especialmente cuando
alimentan sus crías. El vuelo con sus alas cortas es rápido y directo.
Descripción]
Es un pequeño pájaro de 12 cm de largo
como máximo. Los machos y las hembras, tienen el vientre brillante de fondo
amarillo, verde oliva, mucho más discreto. En el macho, el abdomen, la frente,
el cuello y parte superior es un color azul oscuro metalizado.
Distribución y hábitat
Es común desde el sur de China a las Filipinas y Malasia, al norte-este
de Australia. Es un ave del manglar, que se ha adaptado bien al contacto humano y que no duda en nidificar en
la ciudad.
Reproducción
Por lo general, son monógamos. La reproducción
tiene lugar entre abril y agosto en un nido suspendido. La hembra pone dos
huevos que incuba sola. Los machos están implicados en la alimentación de los
jóvenes.
Subespecies
Según Alan P. Peterson, existen 21
subespecies :
·
Cinnyris jugularis andamanicus (Hume) 1873
·
Cinnyris jugularis aurora (Tweeddale) 1878
·
Cinnyris jugularis buruensis Hartert 1910
·
Cinnyris jugularis clementiae Lesson 1827
·
Cinnyris jugularis flammaxillaris (Blyth) 1845
·
Cinnyris jugularis flavigastra (Gould) 1843
·
Cinnyris jugularis frenatus (Muller,S) 1843
·
Cinnyris jugularis idenburgi Rand 1940
·
Cinnyris jugularis infrenatus Hartert 1903
·
Cinnyris jugularis jugularis (Linnaeus) 1766
·
Cinnyris jugularis keiensis Stresemann 1913
·
Cinnyris jugularis klossi (Richmond) 1902
·
Cinnyris jugularis obscurior Ogilvie-Grant 1894
·
Cinnyris jugularis ornatus Lesson 1827
·
Cinnyris jugularis plateni (Blasius,W) 1885
·
Cinnyris jugularis polyclystus Oberholser 1912
·
Cinnyris jugularis proselius Oberholser 1923
·
Cinnyris jugularis rhizophorae (Swinhoe) 1869
·
Cinnyris jugularis robustirostris (Mees) 1964
·
Cinnyris jugularis teysmanni Buttikofer 1893
·
Cinnyris jugularis woodi (Mearns) 1909
